Here’s how an autoclave machine typically works:

Loading: Items that need to be sterilized are placed inside the autoclave chamber. These items can include surgical instruments, laboratory glassware, medical supplies, and more.

Sealing: The autoclave chamber is sealed tightly to prevent the escape of steam during the sterilization process.

Air Removal: Before introducing steam, the autoclave removes air from the chamber. This step is important because air pockets can hinder effective sterilization.

Steam Injection: Once the chamber is properly evacuated of air, steam is injected into the chamber. The temperature and pressure of the steam are raised to levels that are lethal to microorganisms, typically around 121°C (250°F) at 15 psi (pounds per square inch) of pressure.

Exposure Time: The items inside the autoclave are exposed to the high-pressure steam for a certain period of time. This exposure time is necessary to ensure that all microorganisms are effectively killed.

Cooling: After the exposure time is complete, the chamber is allowed to cool down. The cooling process may involve releasing steam or using a cooling fan. Rapid cooling helps prevent damage to heat-sensitive items.

Unloading: Once the items are cooled and the sterilization process is complete, the autoclave chamber can be opened safely. The sterilized items can then be removed for use.